Tuesday, September 22, 2009

1a 2ae q3 a1: Whether happiness is something uncreated? No.

Beatitudo non est aliquid increatum quia ultimus hominis finis est bonum increatum, scilicet Deus, qui solus sua infinita bonitate potest voluntatem hominis perfecte implere; sed ultimus finis hominis est aliquid creatum, in ipso existens, quod nihil est aliud quam adeptio vel fruitio finis ultimi—ultimus autem finis vocatur beatitudo.

Happiness is not something uncreated because man's last end is the uncreated good, namely, God, Who alone by His infinite goodness can perfectly satisfy man's will; but man's last end is something created, existing in him, and this is nothing else than the attainment or enjoyment of the last end—called happiness.

Si ergo beatitudo hominis consideretur quantum ad causam vel obiectum, sic est aliquid increatum; si autem consideretur quantum ad ipsam essentiam beatitudinis, sic est aliquid creatum.

If, therefore, we consider man's happiness in its cause or object, then it is something uncreated; but if we consider it as to the very essence of happiness, then it is something created.

Deus est beatitudo per essentiam suam, non enim per adeptionem aut participationem alicuius alterius beatus est, sed per essentiam suam. Homines autem sunt beati, sicut dicit Boetius, per participationem; sicut et "dii" per participationem dicuntur. Ipsa autem participatio beatitudinis secundum quam homo dicitur beatus, aliquid creatum est.

God is happiness by His Essence, for He is happy not by acquisition or participation of something else, but by His Essence. On the other hand, men are happy, as Boethius says (De Consol. iii), by participation; just as they are called "gods," by participation. And this participation of happiness, in respect of which man is said to be happy, is something created.