- Does the soul know bodies through the intellect?
- Does it understand them through its essence, or through any species?
- If through some species, are the species of all things intelligible naturally innate in the soul?
- Are these species derived by the soul from certain separate immaterial forms?
- Does our soul see in the eternal ideas all that it understands?
- Does it acquire intellectual knowledge from the senses?
- Can the intellect, through the species of which it is possessed, actually understand, without turning to the phantasms?
- Is the judgment of the intellect hindered by an obstacle in the sensitive powers?
"It is because the contemporary alternatives seem so one-sided and are not more evidently solutions to the problems which Thomas faced, and partly solved, that we return to him and to the tradition of theology and philosophy in which his Summa Theologiae appears: theology as the science of the first principle and this as the total knowledge of reality in its unity." -- Wayne J. Hankey, God in Himself (Oxford University Press, 1987), p.159.